Dalilin da Ya Sa Muke Rinjaye Da Antiheroes

Sabuwar takarda da aka buga a mujallar Psychology of Popular Media yana ba da bayani game da dalilin da yasa a wasu lokuta muke samun kanmu a cikin tushen Tony Sopranos, Walter Whites, da Harley Quinns na duniya. Yana da alaƙa da girman da muke ganin ɓangarorin halayenmu a cikinsu.

Kwanan nan na yi magana da Dara Greenwood, jagorar marubucin binciken, don tattauna wahayi game da wannan aikin da abin da ta samo. Ga taƙaitaccen tattaunawar mu.

Mark Travers : Me ya ja hankalinka kan wannan batu?

Dara Greenwood : Wani tsohon ɗalibi na mai haske ne ya fara aikin wanda yake da sha'awar fahimtar yadda ɗabi'un ɗabi'a daban -daban za su iya yin tasiri ga alaƙar antihero. Ba nau'in jinina ba ne, kodayake na kasance mai tsananin shaye-shayen "Gidan" baya lokacin!

Shin mutanen da ke raba wasu dabi'un ƙin nuna wariyar launin fata za su fi jin daɗinsu? Ko kuwa, sun shahara sosai cewa bambance -bambancen mutum tsakanin masu kallo bai dace da labarin ba?

Mun gano cewa son kai na nuna son kai tsakanin masu kallo-kamar zalunci da Machiavellianism-sun yi hasashen haɓaka dangantaka ga salo da haruffa. Don haka, alal misali, wani wanda ya ci ƙima a kan zalunci shima ya kalli shirye-shiryen antihero akai-akai, ya ba da rahoton ƙarin jin daɗin abubuwan da suka haifar da ramuwar gayya, kuma yana jin sun fi kama da abin da aka fi so idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda suka fi ƙima akan tashin hankali.

Duk da haka, labarin ya kasance mai rikitarwa. Mahalarta taron sun fi so su zama kamar ƙaunataccen antihero wanda suke ganin ya fi jaruntaka fiye da mugunta, kuma ana nuna cewa an fi yin tashin hankali suma suna da alaƙa da ƙananan halayen halayen.

Sauran binciken mai ban sha'awa shine cewa muguntar mutum ɗaya gwarzo ne na wani. Misali, kodayake yawancin mutane sun ɗora Walter White a saman abubuwa, aƙalla mutum ɗaya ya ɗauke shi gwarzo. Don haka, akwai yadudduka da yawa da za a yi la’akari da su.

Masu tafiya : Menene halayen sifa ko sifofin tunani na antihero?

Greenwood : Masana kimiyya sun lura cewa da yawa antiheroes kamar sun ƙunshi halayen da ake kira "Dark Triad" - ƙungiyar taurari na son jama'a wanda ya haɗa da narcissism, Machiavellianism, da psychopathy.

Antiheroes suma galibi maza ne-duk da cewa mata antiheroes tabbas suna samun jan hankali-kuma suna da alaƙa da halaye na “maza-maza” na rashin tausayi ko tashin hankali.

Akwai bambance -bambancen da yawa a cikin waɗanda za a iya ɗaukar su antihero. Suna iya haɗawa da haruffan da suka dace da dangi waɗanda ke shiga ciki da fita daga munanan dabi'un da ba su dace ba (kamar Walter White ko Tony Soprano), ko kuma suna iya haɗawa da masu fafutukar sa-ido kamar James Bond ko ma Batman, waɗanda ke neman adalci a madadin kansu ko wasu ta hanyar tashin hankali.

Masu tafiya : Menene ya bambanta namiji antihero da mace antihero?

Greenwood : Abu ɗaya, ƙimar mace mai ƙanƙantar da kai tana da ƙanƙanta fiye da maza - wanda abin baƙin ciki kuma gaskiya ne ga haruffa a cikin fina -finai da talabijin (namiji da mace skew da alama yana shawagi a kusa da 2: 1).

A cikin bincikenmu, kawai kashi 11 cikin ɗari na mahalarta sun zaɓi mata a matsayin waɗanda aka fi so (kuma mafi yawan mata fiye da maza suka zaɓe su). Hakanan akwai wasu tallafin karatu wanda ke ba da shawarar cewa antiheroes na mata na iya jin laifi fiye da takwarorinsu maza na aikata ba daidai ba, ko kuma masu kallo ba za su fi son su ba. Wannan zai biyo baya tare da gaskiyar cewa matan da suka keta ƙa'idodin mata na al'ada don yarda ko wuce gona da iri ana iya fahimtar su fiye da maza waɗanda ke nuna hali iri ɗaya. Ana buƙatar ƙarin aiki don bayyana nuances na wakilci anan.

Masu tafiya : Shin wasu al'adu sun fi shahara da antiheroes fiye da wasu?

Greenwood . Tunanin tsayawa waje, zama na musamman, da yin son kai a madadin mutum duk sun dace da irin wannan tunanin. Koyaya, yin aiki a madadin wasu na iya dacewa da ƙarin ƙa'idodin al'adu na tattarawa. Ana buƙatar ƙarin bincike akan wannan gaba.

Masu tafiya : Shin akwai wasu dalilan da yasa zamu iya haɓaka son "rashin hankali" ko kusanci ga antiheroes?

Greenwood . mun samo asali ne don koyo daga labaru da kuma ta hanyar lura. Wasu masu ilimin halin ɗabi'a na kafofin watsa labarai suna jayayya cewa wani ɓangare na jin daɗin abin da ake kira "sufuri" a cikin fina-finai da talabijin yana iya fuskantar haɗari ko ƙetare ɗabi'a daga nesa mai aminci. Tabbas, kashin baya shine cewa za mu iya zama cikin sharaɗi don ba da mugun hali wucewa ko zama abin ƙyama a gare shi, yayin da haruffan suka fara jin kamar abokai masu alaƙa kuma yayin da muke shaida ayyukan tashin hankali akai -akai. Ko kuma, muna iya jin motsin zuciyarmu ya fi dacewa ko ƙima. Duk bincike na ɗan gajeren lokaci da na dogon lokaci kan tasirin tashin hankalin kafofin watsa labarai yana ba da shawarar cewa bai kamata a yi watsi da shi azaman ɗaya (tsakanin mutane da yawa) abubuwan haɗari don tashin hankali ba.

Masu tafiya : Wanene wasu antiheroes da kuka fi so?

Greenwood : Kamar yadda na fada, ba ainihin nau'in jinsi na bane. Ina matukar damuwa da tashin hankali na kowane iri kuma kawai na sami nasarar wucewa ta farkon shirin "Breaking Bad."

Amma ina son Dr. House, wani ɓangare saboda Hugh Laurie ya kasance mai hazaka a cikin rawar, kuma wani ɓangare saboda kun san a ƙarshe yana da kyakkyawar niyya da sakamako (galibi) a ƙarƙashin yanayin kiran sa. Amma wataƙila ni ma an “ruɓe ni daga ɗabi’a”. Wataƙila na bar shi daga ƙugiya saboda hanyoyin rashin ɗabi'a saboda a ƙarshe ya ceci rayuka. Tunanin cewa ƙarshen ya tabbatar da hanyoyin yana cikin mataki tare da ƙarin tunanin Machiavellian. Hmm ...