Duk Game da Mutanen Banza
Wadatacce
A cikin rubutuna na baya kan wariyar launin fata, na gabatar da Josh Miller, Ph.D. - Farfesa na Ilimin Zuciya a Jami’ar Jojiya, kuma ƙwararre kan narcissism - wanda ya karɓi buƙata ta don yin tambayoyi da shi. Na yi masa tambayoyi iri-iri game da shaharariyar shaye-shaye, babban gatanci da alaƙar da ke tattare da tabin hankali, alaƙar da ke tsakanin girman kai da cin mutunci, da ƙari. A cikin rubutun yau, na gabatar da kashi na biyu na Tambaya da Amsa.
Emamzadeh: Menene lakabin pathological narcissism nufi? Shin yana nufin wani nau'in narcissism wanda ya cika ƙa'idodin rashin lafiyar mutumci (watau, yana da alaƙa da rashin aiki da nakasa)? Idan haka ne, akwai wani abu mai daidaitawa ko lafiyanarcissism ?
Miller: Ban san yin gaskiya ba, saboda ba kalma ce da nake amfani da kaina ba. Zan ɗauka cewa ana nufin nuna narcissism wanda ke da alaƙa da haushi da nakasa kuma yana nuna ɓarna mai girma a cikin tsarin sarrafa kai da ke da alaƙa da narcissism. 1 Ba na son ra'ayin cewa akwai nau'ikan narcissism daban -daban - cututtukan cuta vs. daidaitawa ko lafiya - kamar yadda na yi imani waɗannan bambance -bambancen suna rikitar da batutuwa na gabatarwa daban -daban dangane da girma vs. m narcissism da batutuwan da suka shafi tsananin. Mutum na iya zama mafi ƙanƙanta ko lessasa mai rauni a kan girman girman narcissism ko haɗuwa. Lafiya narcissism, idan ta wanzu, wataƙila yana nufin mutum galibi ɗan ƙarami ne a kan manyan narcissism amma ba sosai don samun rashi a cikin mahimman ayyukan aiki (misali, soyayya; aiki). A gefe guda, narcissism mai rauni ba za a taɓa yin kuskure don "lafiya" ba saboda yana ƙunshe da babban tasiri mai tasiri da yaɗuwa da ƙima da girman kai don haka ya yi daidai da ma'aunin damuwa wanda shine mahimmin al'amari na rikicewar hankali.
Emamzadeh: Lafiya, Ina so in canza batutuwa kaɗan kuma in tambaye ku game da niyya a cikin narcissism. Wani abokin karatunsu ya taɓa yin zolaya: “Lokacin da mai baƙin ciki ya ce,‘ Ba ku damu da ni ba ko kaɗan, ’muna ɗauka cutar ce ke magana; lokacin da wani dan iska ya faɗi iri ɗaya, muna ɗauka cewa saƙon ƙidaya ne kuma ƙoƙarin ɓarna. ” Shin kun yi imani akwai babban bambanci, dangane da niyyar ɗabi'a, tsakanin rikice -rikicen halin ɗabi'a da sauran yanayin lafiyar kwakwalwa (gami da sauran rikice -rikicen halaye)?
Miller: Wannan hasashe ne amma abin da na ɗauka zai kasance cewa ba mu da wata kyakkyawar shaida da za ta nuna cewa ɗayan yana da ƙima ko intentionasa da niyya fiye da ɗayan dangane da waɗancan halayen. Zan yi jayayya da cewa mutanen da ke cikin damuwa da rashin jin daɗi na iya yin irin waɗannan maganganun daga tsinkaye na gaske cewa wani muhimmin ba ya damu da su tare da yin irin waɗannan maganganun don samun tashi daga wannan mutumin don samun ƙarin abin da ake buƙata. (misali, hankali, tallafi, da sauransu).
Emamzadeh: Sha'awa. Yaya game da sanin kai a cikin narcissism? Na lura cewa wani lokacin, kamar lokacin da aka ƙarfafa gasawar mutum ko sha'awar neman mulki, ko a lokacin fushin narcissistic, shi ko ita na iya yin halayen da ke lalata ko da waɗanda wannan mutumin ya bayyana yana da ƙima sosai. A ganin ku, yawan fahimta da sanin yakamata mutanen da ke da babban matakin narcissism na asibiti game da yadda halayen su ke shafar wasu?
Miller: Likitan asibiti ya daɗe cewa mutanen da ke fama da rikice -rikicen halaye ba su da kyakkyawar fahimta a kansu. Wasu daga cikin aikinmu da wasu 'sun yi tambaya cewa, duk da haka, ta hanyar nuna cewa rahotannin kai na narcissism, psychopathy, da sauran halayen cututtukan suna haɗuwa da kyau tare da rahotannin labarai. A zahiri, suna haɗuwa tare da rahotannin bayanai zuwa matakin da mutum yake samu don halayen ɗabi'a na yau da kullun kamar neuroticism, yarda, da haɓakawa. Kuma, lokacin da ba su hadu sosai ba rashin haɗin kai na iya wakiltar rashin jituwa maimakon rashin sani. Wato, idan kun tsara tambayoyi a cikin abin da ake kira tsarin tsinkayen meta maimakon (rahoton kai: Na yi imani na cancanci kulawa ta musamman; meta-tsinkaye: Wasu suna tunanin na yi imani na cancanci magani na musamman), galibi kuna samun yarjejeniya mafi girma tare da masu ba da labari. Wannan yarjejeniya mafi girma na iya nufin cewa mutanen banza sun san yadda wasu ke ganin su amma suna iya sabani da kimar wannan mutumin. Wasu ayyukan suna ba da shawarar cewa mutane masu tsattsauran ra'ayi suna da tsinkayen kansu game da kansu don su fahimci cewa tsinkayen kansu ya fi kyau fiye da yadda wasu ke tunani game da su, cewa wasu suna tunanin ba su da girman su a kan lokaci, kuma suna da ɗan sani cewa halayen hamayya (misali, girman kai, rashin tausayi, cancanta) yana haifar musu da nakasa.
Wannan ba don musun cewa mutane marasa son kai suna haifar da wasu ciwo da wahala, gami da waɗanda har ma suna iya ƙima da so (misali, abokan soyayya; abokai; membobin dangi), kamar yadda suke yi. Maimakon haka, zan iya yin jayayya cewa waɗannan halayen ba za su iya samo asali daga rashin fahimta gaba ɗaya ba amma a maimakon haka tasiri da halayen halayen da za su iya bin barazanar tsinkaye na son kai, mahimmancin matsayi, matsayi, da mamayewa ga mutanen narcissistic, da kuma raguwar haɗe -haɗe zuwa wasu da ke sa waɗannan halayen su kasance masu yiwuwa.
Emamzadeh: To, tabbas hakan yana ba da ƙarin hoto mai rikitarwa. Tabbas, duk abin da ke motsawa, halayyar narcissistic ba ta dace da kyakkyawar alaƙa ba. A cikin wallafe -wallafen asibiti, narcissism an danganta shi da babban lahani (misali, a cikin soyayya da alaƙar aiki). Hatta halayyar narcissism tana da alaƙa da "son kai, son kai, da amfani ga alaƙar mutane, gami da wasan wasa, kafirci, rashin tausayawa, har ma da tashin hankali" (shafi na 171). 2 Don haka menene sabbin hanyoyin warkewa don magance narcissism? Za a iya magance narcissism cikin nasara ta amfani da ilimin halin kwakwalwa?
Miller: Abin takaici, babu wani tallafi da aka tallafa da shi don narcissism a wannan lokacin - don haka abin da ke biyo baya shine hasashe a yanayi. Gabaɗaya, yana da ƙarancin ƙima cewa mutum zai ga yawancin shari'o'in "tsarkakakku" na manyan narcissism a cikin saitunan asibiti, sai dai idan kotu ta umarce shi. Wannan yana nufin cewa mutanen narcissistic waɗanda galibi ana iya ganin su a cikin saitunan asibiti za su sami gabatarwar maganganu mafi rauni (misali, tawayar, damuwa, son kai, rashin yarda, jin haƙiƙa). Ganin cewa narcissism mai rauni ya mamaye sosai tare da rikicewar halayen mutum (BPD), yana yiwuwa wasu daga cikin magungunan da aka tallafa wa don BPD na iya yin aiki don tsohon (misali, ilimin halayyar yare ko DBT; dabarun mayar da hankali kan makirci). Gabaɗaya, ina tsammanin yakamata mutum yayi tsammanin babban ci gaba zai buƙaci wani nau'in magani mai tsawan lokaci wanda aka ba da mahimmanci da ƙalubalen haɓaka alaƙa da marasa lafiya masu narcissistic. 3 Ni ra'ayina ne cewa mutanen da ke fama da rikice -rikice na yanayi na waje (misali, suna da rauni amma ba lallai ne su kasance cikin damuwa ba) na iya amfana daga mai da hankali kan abin da suka rasa sakamakon cutar a matsayin hanyar motsa canji. Wato, ban tabbata yadda sauƙi yake koyarwa da canza iyawar tausayi ba amma ina tsammanin marasa lafiya na iya gane, alal misali, halayen su na narcissistic sun yi mummunan tasiri ga matsayin su da aikin su a wurin aiki da koyan sabbin dabaru don rage halayen da sun haifar da waɗannan sakamakon a wurin aiki, wanda suke kula da su (misali, rashin samun haɓaka). A cikin sabon littafin mu akan Antagonism 4 (Miller & Lynam, 2019), wanda muke gani a matsayin tushen narcissism da psychopathy, Don Lynam da ni mun yi sa'ar samun malamai da yawa don yin rubutu game da yadda mutum zai iya yin canje -canje a cikin wannan yanki daga mahanga daban -daban, gami da halayyar fahimi, yin hira mai motsawa. , psychodynamic, da DBT.
Karatun Mahimmancin Narcissism
Ƙarfafa Ƙarfafawa: Abubuwan da Muke Yi don Mai Nishaɗi
Mai Ban Sha’Awa A Shafin
Binciken Kwakwalwar Dama-Dama Ba Abin Da Ya Kasance Ba
