Nau'in Farfaɗo: Sanadin, Alamomi Da Halaye

Wadatacce

• Za'a iya rarrabuwar farfajiya cikin rukunoni daban -daban dangane da alamomin sa da alamomin sa.
• Rashin lafiya na asalin jijiya
• Ire -iren farfadiya gwargwadon ko an san asalin ta
• A) Rikicin alamomi
• B) Rikicin Cryptogenic
• C) Ciwon idiopathic
• Ire -iren farfadiya gwargwadon yadda aka kama
• 1. Rikicin gama -gari
• 1.1. Rikicin gama gari na tonic-clonic ko babban rikicin mal
• 1.2. Rikicin rashi ko ɗan mugunta
• 1.3. Lennox-Gastaut ciwo
• 1.4. Myoclonic epilepsy
• 1.5. Ciwon yamma
• 1.6. Rikicin Atonic
• 2. Sashi na gefe / mai da hankali
• 2.1. Rikicin Jackson
• 2.2. Ƙwaƙwalwar fata mara kyau na ƙuruciya
• Tunani na ƙarshe

Za'a iya rarrabuwar farfajiya cikin rukunoni daban -daban dangane da alamomin sa da alamomin sa.

Rikicin farfaɗiya abu ne mai rikitarwa, musamman idan aka yi la’akari da cewa akwai nau'ikan farfaɗo.

Tuni a cikin Littafi Mai -Tsarki, har ma a cikin tsoffin takardu na Babila akwai nassoshi game da farfadiya, da ake kira a lokacin firist morbus ko cuta mai alfarma, wanda ta inda mutane suka rasa hankali, ta faɗi ƙasa kuma sun sha wahala sosai yayin da suke sakin Suna kumfa a baki suna cizon harsunansu.

Kamar yadda zaku iya tunanin daga sunan da aka ɗora masa asali, shi yana da alaƙa da abubuwan addini ko sihiri, la'akari da cewa waɗanda suka sha wahala daga cutar sun mallaki ko suna sadarwa da ruhohi ko alloli.

Tare da wucewar ƙarnuka, tunani da sanin wannan matsalar ta ƙaru, gano cewa abubuwan da ke haifar da wannan matsalar suna cikin aikin kwakwalwa. Amma kalmar epilepsy ba wai tana nufin irin farmakin da aka ambata bane kawai, amma a zahiri ya haɗa da cututtuka daban -daban. Don haka, za mu iya samun nau'ikan cututtukan fata daban -daban.

Rashin lafiya na asalin jijiya

Epilepsy cuta ce mai rikitarwa wanda babban halayensa shine kasancewar rikice -rikicen juyayi na lokaci -lokaci wanda aka kunna ɗaya ko da yawa na neurons na hyperexcitable a cikin kwatsam, ci gaba, mahaukaci kuma ba zato ba tsammani, yana haifar da wuce gona da iri a cikin wuraren da aka yi haila. kai ga asarar sarrafa jiki.

Cutar cuta ce ta dindindin wacce za a iya haifar da ɗimbin abubuwan da ke haifar da su, wasu daga cikin abubuwan da ke yawan faruwa shine ciwon kai, bugun jini, zubar jini, kamuwa da cuta ko ciwace -ciwacen daji. Waɗannan matsalolin suna haifar da wasu sifofi don yin ba daidai ba ga aikin kwakwalwa, wanda zai iya haifar da samuwar farfaɗiya a hanya ta biyu.

Ofaya daga cikin alamun da aka fi sani kuma ana iya ganewa shine kamuwa da cuta, tashin hankali da ƙuntatawa na tsokar son rai, amma duk da wannan suna faruwa ne kawai a cikin wasu nau'ikan cutar farfadiya. Kuma shine takamaiman alamomin da mai ciwon farfadiya zai gabatar ya dogara da yankin da aka fara tashin hankali. Koyaya, kamannin suna da kama iri ɗaya, tunda aikin su ya kai kusan kwakwalwa gaba ɗaya.

Ire -iren farfadiya gwargwadon ko an san asalin ta

Lokacin rarrabuwa iri daban -daban na farfadiya, dole ne mu tuna cewa ba duk shari'o'in da aka san su ke haifar da su ba. Bugu da ƙari, ana iya haɗa su gwargwadon ko an san musabbabin su, tare da ƙungiyoyi uku a wannan ma'anar: alama, cryptogenic da idiopathic.

A) Rikicin alamomi

Muna kira rikicin da aka san asalinsa alamu. Wannan rukunin shine mafi sanannun kuma mafi yawan lokuta, yana iya gano wuri ɗaya ko da yawa sassan kwakwalwa ko fasali da ɓarna ko ɓarna wanda ke haifar da canjin. Duk da haka, a matakin ƙarin dalla -dalla, ba a san abin da ke haifar da wannan canjin na farko ba.

B) Rikicin Cryptogenic

Rikicin Cryptogenic, wanda a halin yanzu ake kira alama alama ce, su ne waɗancan ɓarna da ke faruwa ana zargin suna da wani dalili na musamman, amma wanda har yanzu ba a iya tantance asalin sa ba na yanzu dabarun tantancewa. Ana zargin lalacewar tana matakin salula.

C) Ciwon idiopathic

Dukansu a cikin yanayin alamun alamomi da rikice -rikice na cryptogenic, farfadiya yana haifar da haɓakawa da fitowar mahaifa na ɗaya ko da yawa ƙungiyoyin neurons, kunnawa yana fitowa daga sanadin sananne. Duk da haka, wani lokacin yana yiwuwa a sami lamuran da asalin ɓarkewar farfaɗo da alama ba saboda lalacewar da ake iya ganewa ba.

Irin wannan rikicin ana kiransa idiopathic, wanda aka yi imanin ya samo asali ne daga abubuwan da suka shafi kwayoyin halitta. Duk da ba su san ainihin asalin sa ba, mutanen da ke da irin wannan rikicin suna da kyakkyawan hangen nesa da amsa magani.

Ire -iren farfadiya gwargwadon yadda aka kama

A al'adance kasancewar ciwon fyaɗe yana da alaƙa da nau'ikan asali guda biyu waɗanda ake kira babban mugunta da ƙaramin mugunta, amma bincike da aka gudanar akan lokaci ya nuna cewa akwai nau'ikan cututtukan ɓarna iri -iri. Dabbobi daban -daban da nau'ikan fargaba An rarrabasu galibi gwargwadon ko abubuwan zubar da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki suna faruwa ne kawai a takamaiman yanki ko a matakin gaba ɗaya.

1. Rikicin gama -gari

A cikin wannan nau'in kamawa, fitowar wutar lantarki daga kwakwalwa ana haifar da shi a cikin wani yanki don ƙarewa gaba ɗaya ga duka ko babban ɓangaren kwakwalwa. Yana da yawa cewa a cikin ire -iren ire -iren wannan farfadiya (musamman a cikin manyan kamuwa da cuta) aura na baya ya bayyana, wato prodrome ko alamun da suka gabata kamar girgije, tingling da hallucinations a farkon farmakin da zai iya hana wanda zai sha wahala. Wasu daga cikin sanannu da wurin hutawa a cikin irin wannan farmakin farfadiya sune masu zuwa.

1.1. Rikicin gama gari na tonic-clonic ko babban rikicin mal

Samfurin ciwon farfaɗiya, a cikin manyan tashin hankali na mal akwai asarar sani ba zato ba tsammani da ke sa mai haƙuri ya faɗi ƙasa, kuma yana tare da tashin hankali akai -akai kuma akai -akai, cizo, fitsari da / ko rashin kwanciyar hankali har ma da kururuwa.

Wannan nau'in tashin hankalin shine mafi yawan binciken, bayan ya sami manyan matakai guda uku a duk lokacin rikicin: na farko, lokacin tonic wanda asarar sani ke faruwa da faɗuwa ƙasa, sannan kuma lokacin farawa ya fara. a cikin abin da seiz ya bayyana (farawa daga ƙarshen jiki da ci gaba gaba ɗaya) kuma a ƙarshe rikicin farfadiya ya ƙare tare da lokacin murmurewa wanda hankali a hankali ya dawo.

1.2. Rikicin rashi ko ɗan mugunta

A cikin irin wannan farmakin farfadiya mafi yawan alamomin shine asarar ko canjin sani, kamar ƙaramin tsayawa a cikin ayyukan tunani ko rashi tunani tare da akinesia ko rashin motsi, ba tare da wasu ƙarin canje -canje da ake gani ba.

Kodayake mutumin ya rasa sani na ɗan lokaci, su kar ku faɗi ƙasa ko kuma galibi suna da canjin jiki (ko da yake ƙanƙara a cikin tsokar fuska na iya faruwa wani lokacin).

1.3. Lennox-Gastaut ciwo

Yana da wani nau'i na gabaɗaya na farfadiya irin na ƙuruciya, wanda rashi tunani da tashin hankali akai -akai ke bayyana a farkon shekarun rayuwa (tsakanin shekaru biyu zuwa shida) waɗanda galibi ke faruwa tare da naƙasasshiyar hankali da matsaloli tare da hali, motsin rai da ɗabi'a. Yana daya daga cikin mafi munin rikicewar jijiyoyin yara, yana iya haifar da mutuwa a wasu lokuta ko dai kai tsaye ko saboda matsalolin da ke tattare da rashin lafiya.

1.4. Myoclonic epilepsy

Myoclonus motsi ne mai cike da rudani wanda ya haɗa da ƙaura wani sashi na jiki daga wani matsayi zuwa wani.

A cikin wannan nau'in ciwon farfadiya, wanda a zahiri ya haɗa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta kamar su myoclonic epilepsy, shi na kowa ne don kamuwa da zazzabi ya bayyana akai -akai, tare da wasu abubuwan da suka fi mai da hankali a cikin sigar jerks akan farkawa daga bacci. Yawancin mutanen da ke fama da wannan cuta suna ƙarewa da babban kamu. Ya zama gama gari don bayyana azaman martani ga motsawar haske.

1.5. Ciwon yamma

Wani nau'i na ƙananan yara masu ciwon farfadiya wanda ke farawa a farkon semester na rayuwa, Ciwon Yammaci cuta ce mai wuya kuma mai tsanani wanda yara suka tsara aikin kwakwalwa (wanda EEG ke gani).

Yaran da ke fama da wannan matsalar suna fama da spasms wanda galibi kan sa gabobin jikin su su lanƙwasa a ciki, ko su cika gaba ɗaya, ko duka biyun. Babban babban halayensa shine lalacewar ɓarna da ɓarna na jariri, rasa ikon jiki, motsawa da motsin rai.

1.6. Rikicin Atonic

Sune irin na farfadiya wanda asarar sani ya bayyana kuma a cikin abin da mutum yakan faɗi ƙasa saboda ƙanƙancewar ƙwayar tsoka ta farko, amma ba tare da farmaki da murmurewa da sauri ba. Kodayake yana haifar da gajerun lokuta, yana iya zama haɗari, tunda faduwa na iya haifar da mummunan rauni daga rauni.

2. Sashi na gefe / mai da hankali

Sashin ciwon farfadiya, sabanin na kowa, yana faruwa ne a takamaiman wurare na musamman na kwakwalwa. A cikin waɗannan lamuran, alamun suna bambanta sosai gwargwadon wurin da ake ba da gudummawar donut, wanda ke iyakance lalacewar yankin, kodayake a wasu lokuta rikicin na iya zama gaba ɗaya. Dangane da yankin, alamun na iya zama babur ko kuma mai hankali, yana haifar da hasashe zuwa farmaki a takamaiman wurare.

Waɗannan farmakin na iya zama iri biyu, masu sauƙi (nau'in ɓarna ne wanda ke cikin wani yanki, kuma hakan baya shafar matakin sani) ko hadaddun (wanda ke canza ikon tunani ko sani).

Wasu misalai na farmakin m na iya zama na gaba

2.1. Rikicin Jackson

Wannan nau'in rikice -rikicen wasan kwaikwayon yana faruwa ne saboda hauhawar hauhawar motsi, yana haifar da farmaki na gida a takamaiman wuraren da biyun ke bin ƙungiyar somatotopic na cortex.

2.2. Ƙwaƙwalwar fata mara kyau na ƙuruciya

Yana da wani irin kamun da ke faruwa a lokacin ƙuruciya. Gabaɗaya suna faruwa yayin bacci, basa haifar da babban canji a cikin ci gaban batun. Yawanci suna ɓacewa da kansu a duk lokacin ci gaba, kodayake a wasu lokuta yana iya haifar da wasu nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan da ke da mahimmanci kuma suna shafar ingancin rayuwa a yawancin yankunan ta.

Tunani na ƙarshe

Baya ga ire -iren wadannan da aka ambata, akwai kuma wasu matakai na girgiza kama da na farmakin farfaɗiya, kamar yadda yake faruwa a lokuta na rarrabuwar kai da / ko somatoform cuta, ko tashin hankali yayin zazzabi. Duk da haka, ko da yake a cikin wasu rarrabuwa an jera su azaman cututtukan ɓarna na musamman, akwai wasu takaddama, kuma wasu marubutan ba su yarda cewa ana ɗaukar su haka ba.