Yi Kokarin Sanin Lafiya, Zaɓin Abincin Da'a

A matsayina na masanin halayyar ɗan adam, ina ƙoƙarin koyan duk abin da zan iya game da salon rayuwar da ke inganta lafiya, gami da cin abinci mai ƙoshin lafiya. Daga ƙarshen, na ƙara sha'awar abubuwan ɗabi'a da muhalli na zaɓin abinci. Littattafai kamar Matsalar Omnivore kuma Dafa , ta Michael Pollan, da Cin Dabbobi ta Jonathan Safran Foer yana ba da abinci da yawa don tunani tare da waɗannan layin.

Kwanan nan, na kalli fim, Kiwon lafiya , shirin bincike wanda ke bin Kip Anderson akan neman fahimtar alaƙar da ke tsakanin aikin gona da gwamnati da yadda waɗannan ke shafar lafiyar Amurkawa. A cikin salon Michael Moore, Anderson yana fuskantar jami'ai daga ƙungiyoyin kiwon lafiya na ƙasa, lokacin da za su ba shi hira, tare da nuni, amma da gaske suna sanya tambayoyi. Heaya daga cikin abin da ya yi wa Gidauniyar Susan G. Komen ita ce "muna mamakin me yasa ba ku da babban gargadi game da haɗarin cin madara a gidan yanar gizon yayin da akwai hanyar haɗi kai tsaye zuwa kansar nono." Matsanancin wannan tambayar shine binciken da, a cewar fim ɗin, ya nuna “ga matan da suka kamu da cutar sankarar nono, yin hidimar madara ɗaya kawai a rana yana ƙara haɗarin mutuwa daga cutar 49 bisa dari da mutuwa daga kowane abu kashi 64 cikin ɗari. ” Idan wannan gaskiya ne, kamar Anderson, na yi mamakin "Me yasa ba wuraren shan nono kamar Susan G. Komen ke gargadin kowa game da wannan?"

Wannan ya aiko ni in yi wasu bincike a cikin adabin kimiyya. Na sami damar gano binciken da Anderson ya nuna ¹ kuma ya gano cewa bayanan da ya gabatar daidai ne: a cikin samfurin mata 1,893 da aka gano suna da cutar sankarar nono da farko ta biyo bayan shekaru 11.8, idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda suka cinye ƙasa da rabin abincin rana na samfuran madarar mai, kamar madara, cuku, kayan kiwo, da yogurt, waɗanda suka cinye adadi mai yawa suna da yawan mace-macen kansar nono, yawan mace-macen mace-mace, da mutuwar cutar kansar nono. Duk da haka, wasu binciken da aka samu daga binciken sun nuna cewa ƙarancin kiwo mai yawa shine inversely masu alaƙa da waɗannan sakamakon mace -mace a cikin ƙididdigar ɗan daidaitawa kaɗan (inda aka sarrafa shekaru da lokaci tsakanin ganewar kansar nono da ƙimar shan madara) kuma ba shi da alaƙa da waɗannan sakamakon a cikin binciken da aka daidaita don ƙarin mahimman dalilai (kamar tsananin cutar; nau'in na maganin ciwon daji; matakin ilimi; ƙabila; cin kalori, jan nama, barasa, fiber, da 'ya'yan itace; ma'aunin ma'aunin jiki; matakan motsa jiki; da matsayin shan taba). Hakanan, yawan amfani da kiwo yana da alaƙa ne kawai ga yawan mace -mace kawai a cikin ƙididdigar daidaitawa. Ciwon kansar mama ba shi da alaƙa da cin kiwo (mai-mai, mai-mai, ko gabaɗaya) a cikin binciken da aka daidaita ko ba a daidaita shi ba. Don haka, hoton a gare ni ya zama mai ɗanɗano.

Marubutan sun ba da dalili mai tursasawa don haɗin kai tsakanin cin mai mai kiba, matakan estrogen, da faruwar cutar da ci gaban cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da hormone kamar nono, ovarian, postmenopausal endometrial, da prostate, amma kuma sun lura cewa wani binciken ya gano cewa ƙananan- Abincin kiwo mai kitse yana da alaƙa da cutar kansa. Wasu masu binciken sun ba da shawarar cewa hormones na mace na iya zama haɗin kai tsakanin cin kiwo da cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da hormone musamman saboda madarar da muke ci a yau, ta bambanta da shekara 100 da ta gabata, daga shanu masu ciki ne waɗanda ke da matakan hormone girma. ²

Don samun ƙarin haske, maimakon mai da hankali kan karatu guda ɗaya dangane da haɗin kai tsakanin amfani da kayayyakin kiwo da kansar nono, na tuntubi taƙaitaccen littafin adabi, musamman bita-da-fici na tsari da meta-bincike. Oneaya, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin kimantawa na jimlar shaidar kimiyya, ya ba da rahoton cewa hanyar haɗi daga amfani da kayayyakin kiwo da haɗarin cutar sankarar nono ba ta cika ba ko juye -juye, wataƙila saboda tasirin kariya na alli da bitamin D. ³ Marubutan sun kammala da cewa "shan madara da samfuran kiwo yana ba da gudummawa wajen saduwa da shawarwarin abinci mai gina jiki kuma yana iya karewa daga mafi yawan cututtukan da ba a iya yaɗuwa, alhali kuwa an ba da rahoton mummunan sakamako." Bayyanar marubutan, duk da haka, sun lissafa tallafi daga ƙungiyoyi da yawa, kamar Cibiyar Binciken Dairy, Gidauniyar Binciken Dairy ta Danish, da Dandalin Dairy na Duniya, da sauransu. An bi waɗannan tare da yin watsi, don kawai biyu daga cikin marubutan biyar da suka sami wannan tallafin, cewa masu tallafawa ba su da wani tasiri a ƙira da gudanar da aikin da suka gabata. Meta-bincike na binciken mai yiwuwa kuma ba ta sami haɗin kai tsakanin madarar madara, madara madara, da yogurt da haɗarin ciwon nono ba kuma ta sami ƙungiya tsakanin cin madarar madara da rage haɗarin cutar sankarar nono. Marubutan wannan bita, duk da haka, ba su ba da rahoton wani tallafin masana'antar kiwo ba. ⁴

Haɗaɗɗen binciken da haɗin gwiwar masana'antu suna nuna wahalar rarrabuwar tsayayyun ƙalubale game da cin abinci mai lafiya, har ma daga mahimman hanyoyin kimiyya. Yayin da nake ci gaba da ƙoƙarin rage yawan amfani da samfuran dabbobi don dalilai na ɗabi'a, nazarin littattafan kimiyya akan wannan batun ya kawo tambayoyi fiye da amsoshi.

2 Ganmaa, D., & Sato A. (2005). Matsayi mai yuwuwar rawar jima'i na mace a cikin madara daga shanu masu juna biyu a cikin ci gaban nono, ovarian da corpus uteri cancer. Hasashen Likitoci, 65, 1028-1037.

3 Thorning, T. K., Raben, A., Tholstrup, T., Soedamah-Muthu, S.S, Givens, I., & Astrup, A. (2016). Kayan madara da madara: mai kyau ko mara kyau ga lafiyar ɗan adam? Ƙididdigar jimlar shaidar kimiyya. Binciken Abinci & Gina Jiki, 60, 32527. doi: 10.3402/fnr.v60.32527.

4 Wu, J., Zeng, R., Huang, J., Li, X., Zhang, J., Ho, J. C.-M., & Zheng, Y. (2016). Tushen furotin na abinci da abin da ke faruwa na kansar nono: Meta-amsa meta-bincike na karatu mai zuwa. Abubuwan gina jiki, 8, 730. doi: 10.3390/nu8110730