Nauyin Gwajin Daidaitacce

Wadatacce

• Mahimman bayanai
• Muhimmancin Karatun Ilimi
• Wani Misalin Karamin Koyarwa Mai Jagoranci Don Kara Ilmantarwa

Mahimman bayanai

• Biden ya yi alkawarin cewa zai kawo karshen daidaitattun gwaje -gwaje.
• Wannan alkawari ya karye, an ba da umarnin yin gwaji a wannan bazara.
• Gwaje -gwajen da aka daidaita sun fi azabtar da marasa galihu da yawa, dangin da suka fi fuskantar wahala.

Akwai bege a cikin iska, kamshin bazara, hasashen canji, dimokuradiyya na iya shiga. Me yasa, tare da makarantun gwamnati na K-12, alƙawarin da ya karye, abin takaici?

Biden ya ɗora bege lokacin da ya yi alƙawarin, 16 ga Disamba, 2019, cewa zai “yi alƙawarin kawo ƙarshen amfani da daidaitattun gwaji a makarantun gwamnati,” yana cewa (daidai) cewa “koyar da gwaji yana rage ƙima da ragin abubuwan da suka fi mahimmanci ga dalibai su sani. ” Amma duk da haka a ranar 22 ga Fabrairu, Ma'aikatar Ilimi ta yi ta-fuska, ta sanar, "Muna buƙatar fahimtar tasirin COVID-19 ya yi akan koyo ... iyaye suna buƙatar bayani kan yadda yaransu ke yi."

Yaya yaran suke? Suna kokawa, haka ne, suna yin iya kokarinsu, haka ma malamai da iyaye. Kuma shi ne mafi ƙanƙanta masu fafutuka; a cikin sauyi zuwa koyarwar kan layi, sun fi kasancewa ba tare da samun intanet ba, wanda danginsu suka fi fuskantar rashin ayyukan yi, kiwon lafiya, da rayuka. Kudinsa ya kai dala biliyan 1.7 don gudanar da waɗannan gwaje -gwajen, amma adadin yara kanana - hawaye, firgici, nisantawa - ba su misaltuwa.

Yawancin mutane ba su san abin da waɗannan jarabawa suke ba. Tunda makarantu suna rayuwa ko mutu kan sakamakon jarabawa, abin da ake gwadawa shine abin da ake koyarwa, kuma ilimi da yawa ya zama rawar da ba ta da hankali ta ilimin lissafi da ƙwarewar Ingilishi. Yara suna fitowa daga makaranta suna son ba za su sake karanta wani littafin ba, ba su san komai ba game da kimiyya, abubuwan da suka gabata, yadda ake karanta duniyar su. Malamai suna tafiya da yawa; karancin malamin ya yi muni tun kafin cutar ta barke. Lokacin da Betsy DeVos ya yi watsi da waɗannan gwaje -gwajen a bazarar da ta gabata, malaman sun sami nutsuwa sosai har wasu suka ce ya cancanci tafiya ta yanar gizo, don samun 'yanci makonni shida zuwa takwas don koyarwa.

An fara gwajin daidaitattun gwaji tare da George W. Bush's No Child hagu (NCLB, 2002). Shirin ya isa cikin gajimare na magana game da "samun dama" da "haƙƙin ɗan adam," yana mai bayyana kansa a matsayin "aiki don rufe gibin nasara ... don kada a bar yaro a baya." NCLB ya kasance, a cikin 2009, gazawar da aka yarda da ita, amma gwamnatin Obama ta karɓe ta, ta sake mata suna Race zuwa Sama, kuma ta buƙaci jihohin su ɗauka, a matsayin sharadin kuɗin tarayya, Matsayin Tsarin Jiha na Ƙasa, wani tsari na ƙa'idodin ƙasa. ya fara aiki a cikin 2010 ta biliyoyin da haɓaka Bill Gates. Gates ya yi alƙawarin cewa Core zai “buɗe manyan rundunonin kasuwa,” wanda ya yi, kuma zai daidaita filin wasa, wanda bai yi ba.

Iyakar abin da gwaji ya taɓa yi wa marasa galihu shi ne isar da saƙon gazawa da ɓarna ga makarantun gwamnati. Menene ma'aunin ma'aunin gwaji shine kudin shiga na iyali; suna da dangantaka sosai da cewa akwai lokacin sa - tasirin lambar zip. Lokacin da sakamakon jarabawa ya nuna “ƙaramin aiki,” daruruwan sun rufe makarantu, galibi a cikin masu karamin karfi, unguwannin marasa rinjaye, kuma an maye gurbinsu da masu zaman kansu, masu samar da riba.

Gwaji-da-kimantawa bai taɓa yin aiki ba, koda a cikin maƙasudin rage rage nasa, na ɗimbin gwajin gwaji. Yana da shekaru 20 don tabbatar da kansa, kuma "ba ya aiki," kamar yadda Dana Goldstein ta ba da rahoto, yana taƙaita sakamakon gwajin ƙasa da ƙasa wanda ke nuna cewa ƙimar gwajin 'yan shekaru 15 sun kasance tsayayye tun 2000, "kodayake ƙasar ya kashe biliyoyin ”(The New York Times, Disamba 3, 2019). Ya gaza taƙaita gibin cin nasara, amma bai taɓa kasancewa game da hakan ba: koyaushe yana kan batun keɓancewa ne, kwace kuɗaɗen jama'a don takaddun haya masu zaman kansu, samar da riba ga kamfanoni kamar Pearson, Houghton Mifflin, McGraw Hill.

Diane Ravitch ya ga wannan da wuri. A matsayinta na mamba a ma'aikatun ilimi na gwamnatocin Bush guda biyu, ta kasance mai ba da shawara ga NCLB, amma lokacin da ta fahimci cewa ainihin manufarta ita ce ta keɓance ilimin jama'a, sai ta zama mafi sukarta, ta amfani da rubuce -rubuce da fafutukarta, kamar yadda ta ce, don gyara barnar da manufofin da ta taba tallafawa.

Dangane da umarnin cewa dole ne makarantu su gudanar da daidaitattun gwaje -gwaje a yayin bala'in cutar, yana da ban mamaki cewa Sakataren Ilimi, Miguel Cardona ne ya sanya hannu ba, amma Ian Rosenblum, Mataimakin Sakataren Mataimaki, wanda, sabanin Cardona da sauran Sashin Ilimi masu nadawa, ba su da kwarewar koyarwa. Rosenblum ya fito ne daga “Trust Trust,” wani rukunin tunani wanda ke inganta daidaitattun gwaji da sunan adalci, a matsayin hanyar yin adalci ga launin fata. Wannan rukunin, wanda ke da hannu a cikin rubutun NCLB, yana ta matsa lamba ga Ma'aikatar Ilimi don musanta watsi da jarabawar ga jihohin da ke neman su (jihohi da yawa, ciki har da New York da California, sun riga sun nemi irin wannan watsi). Kallon wasu daga cikin masu tallafawa kamfanoni - ginshiƙan da Gates ke tallafawa, Mark Zuckerberg, Michael Bloomberg, Jeff Bezos, dangin Walmart - yana nuna yadda aka saka hannun jari a gwaji da mallakar ƙasa, da kuma wa.

Babu wanda ke tambayar malamai yadda daliban suke. Malamai ne suka fi dacewa don tantance ɗaliban ilmantarwa da asara (kamar yadda Biden ya sani, yin aure ɗaya). Malamai ne wadanda dole ne su magance “hawaye, amai, da wando peed” wanda gwajin ya haifar, kuma yanzu dole ne su yi ƙarfe da kansu don “wani lokacin gwaji mai rikitarwa,” kamar yadda malami Jake Jacobs ya rubuta a The Progressive. Biden kuma yana iya tambayar ƙungiyoyin malaman tunda ya bayyana kansa a matsayin "mutumin ƙungiyar." Ga abin da zai ji daga shugaban ƙungiyar Ilimi ta Ƙasa, babbar ƙungiyar malamai ta ƙasar (da Jill Biden): “Tabbatattun gwaje -gwaje ba su taɓa zama ingantattu ba ko ingantattun matakan abin da ɗalibai suka sani kuma suke iya yi, kuma suna musamman yanzu ba abin dogaro bane. ” Bai kamata su “zo da tsada lokacin koyo mai tamani wanda ɗalibai za su yi amfani da su tare da masu ilimin su ba.”

Muhimmancin Karatun Ilimi

Wani Misalin Karamin Koyarwa Mai Jagoranci Don Kara Ilmantarwa