Yadda Mutum ke Shafar Yarda da matakan Tsaro na COVID-19

Wadatacce

• Mahimman bayanai
• Tsayayya ga ayyukan aminci na COVID da mutuntaka
• Nau'in halayen COVID-19
• Mahimmancin Karatun Mutum
• Abubuwa 3 Fuskarku Ta Fadawa Duniya

Mahimman bayanai

• Yarda da ayyukan gudanarwa na COVID-19 sun bambanta ƙwarai a tsakanin mutane dangane da halayen halayensu.
• Mutanen da ke da halayen rashin halayyar zamantakewar al'umma suna iya yin tsayayya da yin watsi da matakan ɗaukar COVID-19.
• Mutanen da suka ɗauki ƙwayar COVID-19 da mahimmanci sun fi kasancewa cikin tsoro, baƙin ciki, kuma suna da ƙimar ƙin kashe kansu.
• Saboda halayen ɗabi'a suna da alaƙa da yawa, halayen mutane game da matakan ɗaukar kwayar cutar wataƙila za a 'haife su kuma ba a yi su ba.'

Daga Frederick L. Coolidge, PhD da Apeksha Srivastava, M.Tech

A halin yanzu, babu wani magani na likita ko kuma cikakken magani mai inganci ga ƙwayar COVID-19. Yanzu an kuma gane cewa samun rigakafin garken na iya zama ba zai yiwu ba saboda alluran rigakafin ba su haɓaka cikin sauri don magance bambance -bambancen ƙwayar cuta, kuma adadi mai yawa na mutane suna tsayayya da samun allurar.

Akwai, duk da haka, hanyoyin da a zahiri suke da tasiri wajen rage yaduwar cutar. Sun haɗa da rufe bakin mutum da hanci, wanke hannu akai-akai da tsabtace muhalli, nisantar zamantakewa, kiyaye tsabtar muhalli, ware waɗanda ake zargi da tabbatarwa, rufe wuraren aiki da cibiyoyin ilimi, shawarwarin zama a gida, kulle-kulle, da ƙuntatawa kan taron jama'a.

Koyaya, a bayyane yake cewa yarda da waɗannan ayyukan gudanar da COVID-19 ya bambanta ƙwarai a tsakanin mutane. Wasu suna ɗaukar waɗannan ƙa'idodin aminci da mahimmanci yayin da wasu ba sa. Abin sha'awa, yawancin ilimin halin ɗabi'a yanzu yana ba da shawarar cewa halayen halayen musamman suna da alaƙa da masu bin doka da oda. Bugu da ari, ya bayyana cewa tasirin ilimin ilimin kwayar cutar shima ya bambanta tsakanin waɗannan rukunin mutane biyu.

Tsayayya ga ayyukan aminci na COVID da mutuntaka

Wani binciken da aka yi kwanan nan a Brazil ya ba da shawarar cewa rashin bin matakan ɗaukar matakan kamar nisantar da jama'a, wanke hannu, da sanya abin rufe fuska yana da alaƙa da halayen ɗan adam.

A zahiri, kalmar rashin zaman lafiya tana nufin "a kan al'umma," amma, a hukumance an ayyana ta a matsayin "tsarin rashin kulawa, da keta haƙƙin wasu." Wannan ma'anar ta fito ne daga "ma'aunin zinare" na binciken tunanin mutum, Jagoran Bincike da Ƙididdiga na Ciwon Hauka (DSM-5) wanda Kungiyar Likitoci ta Amurka (2013) ta buga.

DSM-5 ta lura cewa mutanen da ke da cutar rashin lafiyar halayyar ɗan adam sau da yawa suna da halaye na musamman iri ɗaya kamar kasancewa mai adawa da hanawa. Bugu da ƙari, yana lura cewa irin waɗannan mutane galibi masu son kai ne, mayaudari, manyan mutane, marasa tausayi, marasa aiki, masu son rai, maƙiya, da masu haɗari.

Tabbas, wannan shine ainihin abin da binciken na Brazil ya gano: Mutanen da suka yi tsayayya don bin matakan ɗaukar matakan sun fi ƙima akan matakan yaudara, yaudara, rashin tausayi, rashin aiki, rashin son kai, ƙiyayya, da ɗaukar haɗari. Sun kuma nuna ƙananan matakan tausayi. Marubutan (Miguel et al., 2021) sun kammala da cewa duk da karuwar adadin COVID-19 da mace-mace a Brazil, wasu mutane ba za su bi matakan ɗaukar ɗabi'a ba.

Nau'in halayen COVID-19

Labari mai ban sha'awa ta Lam (2021) ya gano nau'ikan halaye daban-daban guda 16 na COVID-19. Sun kasance:

1. Deniers, wanda ya rage barazanar cutar kuma yana son ci gaba da kasuwanci a buɗe
2. Masu yadawa, waɗanda ke son rigakafin garken garken ya haɓaka ta hanyar yada cutar
3. Harmers, waɗanda ke son yada cutar ta hanyar tofa ko tari akan wasu mutane
4. Marassa ƙarfi, waɗanda galibi matasa ne waɗanda ke gaskanta cewa ba su da kwayar cutar kuma ba sa tsoron duk wata hulda ta zamantakewa
5. 'Yan tawaye, wanda babban abin da ya fi damun su shine tauye' yancin kowane mutum daga gwamnatoci
6. Blamers, waɗanda ke mamaye ƙasashe ko mutanen da suka fara ko yada cutar
7. Masu cin moriya, waɗanda ke cin riba ta kuɗi daga yaduwar ƙwayar cuta ta hanyar hanyoyin jinya, ko ƙungiyoyin siyasa waɗanda ke amfana daga wasu ƙasashe masu kamuwa da cutar
8. Masu gaskiya, waɗanda ke girmama ilimin ƙwayar cutar, suna bin matakan ɗaukar hoto kuma suna yin allurar rigakafi da wuri -wuri
9. Ma'aikata, waɗanda ke damuwa da haɗarin ƙwayar cutar kuma suna lura da matakan kariya don rage fargabarsu
10. Tsofaffin sojoji, waɗanda ke bin matakan ɗaukar matakan saboda sun taɓa kamuwa da ƙwayar cutar ko kuma sun san wani wanda ya taɓa samun wasu ƙwayoyin cuta masu alaƙa kamar SARS ko MERS
11. Makiyaya, waɗanda ke rage fargabarsu ta hanyar tara takardun bayan gida da kayan abinci
12. Masu tunani, waɗanda ke tunani a hankali kan tasirin ƙwayar cuta akan rayuwar yau da kullun, da yadda cutar za ta iya canza duniya;
13. Masu kirkira, waɗanda ke tsara mafi kyawun matakan ɗaukar kaya ko mafi kyawun jiyya
14. Magoya bayan, waɗanda “ke murna” wasu a yaƙin cutar
15. Altruists, waɗanda ke taimaka wa wasu waɗanda ke da sauƙin kamuwa da cutar, kamar tsofaffi
16. Warriors, waɗanda ke yaƙi da ƙwayar cutar, kamar masu jinya, likitoci, da sauran ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya

Tabbas, waɗannan nau'ikan halayen COVID-19 sun haɗu, kuma ba su dace da kowane tsarin bincike na halin yanzu ba. Koyaya, Farfesa Lam ya yi imanin cewa sanin irin waɗannan halaye na mutum na iya taimakawa tare da haɓaka ayyukan daban -daban da sadarwa don rage yaduwar cutar da rage fargaba da damuwa da yawa na tunanin mutum.

A cikin binciken da muka gabatar kwanan nan (Coolidge & Srivastava), mun ɗauki ɗaliban karatun digiri na 146 na Indiya da ɗalibai daga Cibiyar Fasaha ta Indiya Gandhinagar, kuma mun bincika bambance-bambancen halaye tsakanin waɗanda suka ɗauki COVID-19 a matsayin babbar barazana da waɗanda ba su yi ba ( Ƙungiyar Denier/Minimizer).

Mahimmancin Karatun Mutum

Abubuwa 3 Fuskarku Ta Fadawa Duniya