Makamai da Hadarin Kashe Kai: Tattaunawar Load

Yawancin masu bincike da likitocin sun bayyana damuwa cikin gaggawa da fahimta game da alaƙar da ke tsakanin bindigogi da tsoffin 'yan kunar bakin wake. Makamai sune hanya ta farko da ake bi wajen kisan kai tsakanin membobin sojojin Amurka. [I] Suna da matuƙar kisa: kashi 85 cikin ɗari na ƙoƙarin yin amfani da bindigogi na haifar da kammala kashe kai, yayin da kashi 2 cikin ɗari na yunƙurin guba ko ƙoƙarin wuce gona da iri ke haifar da guda . [ii] Kuma bindigogi suna da haɗari sosai haɗe tare da saurin farawar ɓarna. [iii]

Zuwa wannan lokacin, yawancin binciken bincike sun ba da shawarar cewa lokutan matsanancin son kai na iya zama ɗan gajeren lokaci. Misali, binciken fiye da ɗaliban kwaleji sama da dubu ashirin da shida da ɗaliban da suka kammala karatun digiri sun ba da shawarar cewa wani lokaci na babban tunanin kisan kai ya wuce ƙasa da rana fiye da rabin waɗanda ke kashe kansu a kowane lokaci. [Iv]

Wani nazarin marasa lafiya tamanin da biyu a asibitin jami'ar tabin hankali ya nuna ko da gajeriyar lokacin babban kisan kai; kasa da rabin mahalarta sun ba da rahoton nisan mintuna goma na kasa don aiwatar da kashe kansu. [v] Hakazalika, a wani binciken, kashi 40 cikin ɗari na samfurin ya ɗauki cutar kansa na mintuna goma ko ƙasa da haka kafin yin ƙoƙari. [vi]

A cikin waɗannan mawuyacin lokaci, bindigogin da aka fara nufin kariya na iya zama kwatsam su zama makaman hallaka kai ga waɗanda suka mallake su. Bincike ya nuna kashi 90 cikin 100 na waɗanda suka mutu ta hanyar kashe kansu da makami ba su da wani yunƙurin kashe kansa ta kowace hanya. [Vii]

Har ila yau, akwai bincike mai tursasawa don nuna cewa taƙaita samun damar yin amfani da bindigogi na iya yin tasiri nan da nan kan ƙimar kashe kai. [Viii] A cikin binciken da aka gudanar a Isra’ila, inda aka lura da kashe -kashen bindigogi tsakanin membobin aikin soja a matsayin abin damuwa, ƙaramin canji a cikin manufar neman sojojin IDF su bar makamansu a kan tushe a karshen mako ya haifar da raguwar kashi 40 cikin ɗari na masu kashe kansu na shekara -shekara. [ix]

Dangane da bincike irin wannan, an roƙi likitocin da magoya bayan takwarorin su da su yi ƙarfin hali kuma su yi tambayoyi akai-akai game da mallakar bindiga da ayyukan adana makaman da ke da alaƙa.

Abin takaici, wannan hanyar na iya haifar da koma baya. Ga tsoffin sojoji da yawa, yin tambayoyi game da mallakar makami suna jin kutse cikin mafi kyau kuma mai yiwuwa rashin girmamawa ne. Tambayar tambayar na iya rushe dangantakar warkewa nan da nan kuma yana iya haifar da tsoffin mayaƙa da yawa su daina jinya gaba ɗaya.

Ta yaya zan sani? Domin na nuna sha’awar koyon abin da tsoffin mayaƙa ke tunani game da wannan batun, kuma wani abokin aikina da ya so ya taimake ni zuwa ga gaskiya ya tambayi ƙungiyar tsoffin mayaƙa saba’in.

Brian Vargas, wani jami'in UC Berkeley na aikin digiri na Babbar Jagora, wanda ya daɗe yana zama jagora a cikin jama'ar tsohon sojan Arewacin California, ya zaɓi ƙungiyar tsoffin mayaƙa saba'in, waɗanda suka yi rajista a kwalejoji uku na gida. Lokacin da aka tambaye shi, "Shin da alama za ku kasance masu buɗe ido da gaskiya game da ko kun mallaki bindigogi idan mai ba da sabis ya tambaye ku ba ku sani sosai ba," sama da rabi (kashi 53) sun ce "wataƙila ba" ko "a'a." Koyaya, mafi mahimmancin binciken a cikin wannan zaɓen, kuma wanda ya fi damuwa, shine rabin tsoffin mayaƙan sun ce wataƙila za su daina jinya idan likitan da ba su sani ba ya tambaye su ko suna da makami.

Yadda waɗannan tsoffin mayaƙa saba'in suka amsa yakamata su ba mu dukkan ɗan hutu don yin tunani. Idan amana ita ce mafi girman kuɗin da za mu iya samu, ya kamata mu tambayi kanmu game da farashin fitar da alaƙar warkarwa zuwa ga rashin gaskiya. Tsinkayar cewa likita na iya samun ajanda ko ikon cire makami (koda kuwa wannan hasashe ba daidai ba ne) [x] na iya zama babbar matsala ga kulawa.

Tilastawa likitocin ta hanyar ingantacciyar manufa da aiki don samun wannan tattaunawar a gaba, kafin haɓaka aminci, yana haɓaka gibin amana a daidai lokacin da muke buƙatar haɗawa da gina aminci tare da marasa lafiyar mu. A zahiri, yin tambayoyi game da mallakar makamai na iya ƙara haɗarin kashe kansa idan wannan yana jagorantar tsoffin mayaƙa don gujewa neman kulawa da fari. Makamai suna da alaƙa da ainihin yawancin mayaƙan yaƙin ƙasarmu. Cire makami wani motsi ne na iko wanda wani wanda ke da matsayi akan memba na sabis. Lokacin da memba na sabis ya cire makami, suna gaya mani cewa galibi ana alakanta hakan da jin kunya ko wulakanci, saboda wannan yana nuna asarar babban aiki a matsayinsu na mayaƙi. Lokacin da masu warkarwa ke yin irin wannan hirar game da bindigogi a cikin wuraren asibiti inda tsoffin mayaƙan ke samun kulawa bayan fitowar su daga aikin soja, duk ma'anonin da ke ɗokin motsa jiki suna ƙaura zuwa cikin tattaunawar.

M. Anestis, "Lokaci don Canji Yanzu," 2018 American Association of Suicidology (AAS).

Makarantar Kiwon Lafiyar Jama'a ta Harvard, "Mutuwar Hanyoyin Kashe Kai: Ƙididdigar Mutuwar Hanya ta Hanyar Kashe Kai, 8 Amurka, 1989-1997," http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/means-matter/means-matter/case- kisa/

D. Drum, C. Brownson, BD Adryon, da S. Smith, “Sabbin Bayanai kan Yanayin Rikicin Suicidal a Kwalejin Kwaleji: Canza Matsayi,” Ilimin Ilimin Kimiyya: Bincike da Aiki 40 (2009): 213 - 222.

E. Deisenhammer, C. Ing, R. Strauss, G. Kemmler, H. Hinterhuber, da E. Weiss, "Tsawon Tsarin Tsarin Kisan Kai: Nawa ne Ya rage na Tsaro Tsakanin Tsare -Tsare da Cimma Ƙoƙarin Kashe Kai?" Jaridar Clinical Psychiatry 70 (2008): 19-24.

V. Pearson, M. Phillips, F. He, da H. Ji. "Yunƙurin Kashe Kai tsakanin Matasan Karkara a Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin: Abubuwan da za a iya Rigaka da su," Halayen Kashe Kai da Rayuwa 32 (2002): 359-369.

MD Anestis "Ƙoƙarin Ƙoƙarin Kai Ƙasa Yafi Na Ƙasashe Cikin Masu Haƙurin Kashe -Kashe waɗanda suka Mutu da Makamai Dangi ga Wadanda Suka Mutu ta Wasu Hanyoyi," Jaridar Cutar Cutar 189 (2016): 106-109.

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G. Halayen Barazanar Rayuwa 40 (2010): 421-424.