Shin Kuna Bukatar Kwakwalwar "Haɓakawa"?

Akwai yuwuwar kun yi amfani da ɗayan waɗannan jumlolin kwanan nan, wataƙila ma yau:

"Dole ne in sake yi."

"Ina binciken bankunan ajiyata."

"Kwakwalwata tana buƙatar haɓakawa."

"Ina fama da faduwar tsarin."

"Ina aiki."

Lokacin da muke amfani da wannan yaren, muna kwatancen kwakwalwarmu da kwamfuta. Ina so in yi la’akari da yadda kwatancen kwamfuta don kwakwalwa ke shafar rayuwarmu ta yau da kullun. Ko mun gane ko ba mu sani ba, hasashen da muke yi shine cewa hanyar fahimta da gyara abin da kwakwalwar mu ke yi daidai yake da yadda muke fahimta da gyara kwamfutocin mu.

Har zuwa wani lokaci, wannan ya dace tunda kwakwalwar mu tana yin lissafi don cim ma wasu ayyuka. Misalin kwamfuta yana jagorantar neuroscience fiye da rabin ƙarni. Ya taimaka haifar da muhimman abubuwan bincike game da mahimman hanyoyin kwakwalwa, kamar yadda kwakwalwa ke samun hangen nesa.

Amma muna kan matakin rage dawowar. Misalin kwamfuta yana batar da mu a cikin ilimin kwakwalwa. An kama mu a cikin dabaru, kuma wannan ya haifar da ƙarin ƙirar ƙirar kwakwalwa. Amma kuskuren kwatancen yana da tasiri ga rayuwarmu ta yau da kullun, ma.

Lokacin da wani abu ya ɓace akan kwamfutar tafi -da -gidanka, amsar farko na yawancin ƙwararrun IT ga kowane matsala shine "gwada sake yi." Dalili ne don dalili: Sau da yawa yana magance matsalar. Kuma lokacin da matsalolin kwamfutarka ke da kyau musamman, ingantacciya amma babban mafita shine sau da yawa don "goge" ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da sake kunna injin.

Za a iya jarabce mu mu so irin wannan tsaftatacciyar mafita mai tasiri a rayuwarmu. A tsakiyar karni na ashirin, "electroshock" ko electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) an dauki cikinsa a matsayin wata hanya ta girgiza kwakwalwar kwakwalwa cikin yanayi mai tsabta, mara kuskure. A yau, ana siyar da tsarin akai -akai azaman nau'in “sake farawa” mai wuya ga hankali. A lokuta da ba kasafai ake samun su ba na ɓacin rai da sauran yanayi, ECT na iya yin tasiri a wasu lokuta. Amma ba shi da amfani ko amfani ga mafi yawan mutane.

Haka kuma bai kamata mu yi fatan sake sakewa ba. Tabbas, abubuwan da muke yi don “sake yi” kamar hutawa, ɓata lokaci tare da abokai, motsa jiki, da sauransu na iya zama da amfani ga lafiyar hankalin mu. Abu mai mahimmanci, kodayake, shine cewa waɗannan ayyukan suna cin nasara ba ta hanyar sake kunna kwakwalwar ku ba amma ta hanyar wadatar da shi, kuma ta hanyar taimaka muku yin amfani da ita sosai a halin da take ciki. Babu katsewa mai kaifi mai yiwuwa - ko kyawawa.

Me game da "bincika bankunan ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar ku"? Masana kimiyya sun san shekaru da yawa cewa ƙwaƙwalwar mutum ba ta aiki kamar ƙwaƙwalwar kwamfuta. Saninmu game da abubuwan da suka gabata ya ƙunshi ƙungiyoyi masu rikitarwa tsakanin nau'ikan bayanai da yawa: abubuwan shigar azanci daban -daban daga yawancin ko duk yanayin (gani, ji, wari, ɗanɗano, da sauransu); wurin zahiri inda abin ya faru; wace irin lada za mu iya samu a lokacin, da sauransu. Kuma duk lokacin da muka yi tunani game da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya muna canza ta har abada.

Idan ƙwaƙwalwar kwamfuta ta yi aiki ta wannan hanyar ba zai zama da amfani ba. Maimakon haka, kwamfutoci suna amfani da dabarun rashin asara da ƙima na adanar bayanai a wurin da aka kayyade. Mai sarrafa kwamfuta yana dawo da shi ya mayar da shi wuri guda kowane lokaci tare da cikakkiyar aminci. Wannan tunanin na iya taimakawa ya haifar da binciken kimiyya na farko na ƙwaƙwalwar ɗan adam amma a yau ya tsufa.

Amma kwatancen ba kawai bai dace ba; shi ma ba shi da taimako. Fahimtarwa da adana ƙwaƙwalwarmu yana nufin haɓaka ingantattun hanyoyinsa. Ana iya inganta riƙe ƙwaƙwalwa ta amfani da sararin samaniya, ko abin da ake kira tsarin “memorin fada”. Manufar ita ce ƙirƙirar hanyar sadarwa ta ƙungiyoyi tsakanin nau'ikan bayanai da yawa, da haɗa wannan hanyar sadarwar zuwa takamaiman angaren ƙasa, kamar sassa daban -daban na gidan da kuka girma. intanet. A kowane hali, dukkan mu za mu iya amfana daga tuna cewa tunanin mu - da na kowa - mai canzawa ne. Ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya ba ta yin rikodin abubuwan da suka gabata tare da cikakken daidaituwa, komai bayyanarsu.

Ƙarshen bin kwatancen kwamfuta don fahimtar yadda kwakwalwarmu ke aiki shine ra'ayin cewa kwakwalwarmu ta dace da ainihin kwamfutoci kuma ana iya haɓaka ta wannan hanyar. Wannan shine ra'ayin kwakwalwar kwamfuta-komputa da haɓakawa, babban mafarki ga masu bincike da yawa da kuma shugabannin kasuwanci kamar Elon Musk ta kamfaninsa, Neuralink.

Manufar ita ce tiyata ta shigar da tashoshin kwamfuta a kawunan mutane. An ba da shawarar cewa abin dubawa ba zai iya karanta ƙididdigar kwakwalwarmu kawai ba, wataƙila a matsayin hanyar “zazzage” tunaninmu, amma kuma yana iya watsa motsawar waje daga kwamfutoci zuwa kwakwalwa, ta hakan yana haɓaka tunaninmu. Kawai a wannan makon, abokin aikin Musk, mawaƙin pop Grimes, ya ba da kansa don zama ɗaya daga cikin aladu na ɗan adam na farko don wannan tiyata.

Duk wanda ke yin la’akari da wannan tiyata yakamata yayi tunani a hankali game da shari’ar Phil Kennedy, ƙwararren masanin ilimin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa na Amurka da mai wa’azin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa wanda aka dasa na’urar lantarki a cikin kwakwalwarsa a ƙoƙarin ƙirƙirar keɓancewa. Dole ne a yi aikin tiyata a Belize saboda babu wani likitan fata na Amurka da zai yarda ya yi. Makonni bayan dasawa, Kennedy ya sha wahala sosai daga asarar magana da kuma matsalolin mota. An ba da labarin wahalar da ya sha a cikin labarin 2016 mai ban sha'awa da ban tsoro a cikin Mai waya Daga Daniel Engber:

Da rana, bayan allurar riga-kafi ta ƙare, likitan tiyata ya shigo, ya cire gilashin gilashin wayarsa, ya ajiye su don marassa lafiya da aka ɗaure ya bincika. "Me ake kira waɗannan?" Ya tambaya.

Phil Kennedy ya kalli gilashin na ɗan lokaci. Sannan dubansa ya karkata zuwa kan rufi sannan ya hau kan talabijin. "Uh ... uh ... ai ... aiee," ya fad'a bayan ɗan lokaci, "... aiee ... aiee ... aiee."

Manufar Kennedy ta kasance mai daraja da son kai: Yana so ya kara fahimtar yadda kwakwalwar dan adam ke haifar da magana; kasadarsa ba ta samo asali daga son inganta tunaninsa ba. Amma kuskuren kwatancen kwamfuta ne ya jagorance shi, wanda ke nuna cewa ana iya buga lissafin kwakwalwarmu kai tsaye, karantawa, da inganta shi. A ƙarshe ya murmure da magana amma gwajin kansa ya haifar da kaɗan idan an ƙara fahimtar kwakwalwa. Abin mamaki, Kennedy a yau ya kasance mai bi na gaskiya a cikin hanyoyin haɗin kwakwalwa.

Bayan wuce gona da iri na aikin tiyata na kwakwalwa da ba dole ba, akwai sauran matsaloli da yawa tare da hanyoyin sadarwa na kwakwalwa. Me zai faru lokacin da tashar kwakwalwar ku ta zama ta tsufa? Rayuwar rayuwar kowane fasahar dijital mai zaman kanta ita ce, idan kun yi sa'a, shekaru goma ko biyu. (Laserdiscs, kowa?) Babu shakka wannan zai zama gaskiya ga tashar jiragen ruwa na kwakwalwa da software da suke buƙata. Zai zama da matsala musamman idan tashar da ba ta daɗe ba tana cikin mahimmin ɓangaren kwakwalwa kamar mota ko wurin magana inda cire ta na iya haifar da babbar illa da ba za a iya gyara ta ba. Wayoyin lantarki na Kennedy da ba a haɗa yanzu za su ci gaba da zama a cikin kwas ɗin sa kuma yana iya samun mummunan sakamako daga baya a rayuwarsa. (Don ƙarin dalilai da yawa na shakku game da masarrafan kwamfuta-kwakwalwa da sauran kamfanoni na ɗan adam, duba asusun a cikin hannun Mark O'Connor amma a ƙarshe littafin la'ana. Don Zama Mashin .)

Ba za a iya inganta kwakwalwar ku kamar kwamfuta ba saboda ba kwamfuta ba ce. Yana da yawa fiye da haka. Ee, yana yin lissafi a matsayin wani ɓangare na ayyukansa da yawa. Amma na yi imanin wannan kwatancen baya taimakawa ga masu ilimin kimiyyar jijiyoyin jini, kuma lokaci yayi da kowa ya daina tunanin kwakwalwa ta wannan hanyar.

An makale mu cikin kwatancen kwamfuta a sashi saboda ba mu da wani madadin. Sabon littafi na Intanit a Kanku yana ba da shawarar madadin: kwatancen intanet. Tsarin gine-ginen da ke wucewa ta intanet-duk da yuwuwar amfani da mugunta-yana da kyawawan halaye da dabarun aikin injiniya waɗanda zasu taimaka mana fahimtar yadda kwakwalwa ke aiki.

Kuma idan an tura kwatancen intanet a cikin taka tsantsan da iyakance hanya, yana iya taimaka mana mu yi amfani da kwakwalwarmu yadda yakamata, kuma wataƙila ta ba mu damar yin rayuwa mafi inganci, lafiya.

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